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liudianwu 2019-06-08 21:25

Qt编写自定义控件25-自定义QCustomPlot


一、前言
上次在写大屏数据可视化电子看板系统时候,提到过改造QCustomPlot来实现柱状分组图、横向柱状图、横向分组图、鼠标悬停提示等。这次单独列出来描述,有很多人疑问为啥不用QChart,或者echart等形式,其实这两种方式我都尝试过,比如Qt5.7以后新增的QChart模块,曲线这块,支持数据量很小,而且用法极其不适应,非常别扭,尤其是10W以上数据量的支持,简直是渣渣,优点也是有很多的,比如动画效果,我看过他的完整源码,动画这块处理的非常好,连坐标轴都可以有动画效果,而且支持很多种效果,而且内置了很多套theme皮肤,省去了很多渣渣审美的程序员自己来配色,这个倒是挺方便的。而对于echart,必须依赖浏览器控件,资源占用比较高,后面决定采用改造QCustomPlot来实现用户需要的各种图表效果。
在整个改造的过程中,全部封装成易用的函数,传入参数即可,同时还支持全局样式更改,支持样式表控制整体颜色更改,考虑了很多细节,比如弹出悬停信息的位置等,都自动计算显示在最佳最合理位置。考虑到很多人用的QCustomPlot1.0,特意还做了QCustomPlot1.0和2.0的完全兼容。

二、实现的功能
* 1:可设置X轴Y轴范围值
* 2:可设置背景颜色+文本颜色+网格颜色
* 3:可设置三条曲线颜色+颜色集合
* 4:可设置是否显示定位十字线,可分别设置横向和纵向
* 5:可设置十字线的宽度和颜色
* 6:可设置是否显示数据点以及数据点的大小
* 7:可设置是否填充背景形成面积图
* 8:可设置模式-拖动+缩放等
* 9:可设置坐标轴间距+第二坐标系可见
* 10:提供接口setDataLine直接设置曲线,支持多条
* 11:提供接口setDataBar直接设置柱状图,支持多条形成堆积图
* 12:提供接口setLabs设置文本标签替代key
* 13:提供清空+重绘接口+外部获取QCustomPlot对象
* 14:提供函数start+stop来模拟正弦曲线
* 15:可设置柱状图的值的位置+精确度+颜色
* 16:支持鼠标移动到数据点高亮显示数据点以及显示数据提示信息
* 17:可设置提示信息位置 自动处理+顶部+右上角+右侧+右下角+底部+左下角+左侧+左上角
* 18:可设置是否校验数据产生不同的背景颜色,比如柱状图的每根柱子都可以根据数据生成不同背景颜色
* 19:可设置是否显示图例+图例位置+图例行数
* 20:支持多条曲线+柱状图+柱状分组图+横向柱状图+横向柱状分组图+柱状堆积图
* 21:内置15套精美颜色,自动取颜色集合的颜色,省去配色的烦恼
* 22:同时支持 QCustomPlot 1.0 和 QCustomPlot 2.0

三、效果图
[attachment=20442]


四、核心代码
  1. void CustomPlot::setDataLine(int index, const QString &name, const QVector<double> &key, const QVector<double> &value)
    {
        if (customPlot->graphCount() > index) {
            customPlot->graph(index)->setName(name);
            customPlot->graph(index)->setData(key, value);
            customPlot->xAxis->setRange(-offsetX, key.count() + offsetX, Qt::AlignLeft);

            //超过3条线条颜色设置颜色集合的颜色
            if (index >= 3) {
                setColor(index, colors.at(index));
            } else {
                setColor(0, colors.at(0));
                setColor(1, colors.at(1));
                setColor(2, colors.at(2));
            }
        }
    }

    void CustomPlot::setDataBarv(const QStringList &rowNames,
                                 const QStringList &columnNames,
                                 const QList<QVector<double> > &values,
                                 const QColor &borderColor,
                                 int valuePosition,
                                 int valuePrecision,
                                 const QColor &valueColor,
                                 bool checkData)
    {
        //只有1列的才能设置
        if (columnNames.count() != 1) {
            return;
        }

        //可以直接用堆积图,因为只有一列的柱状图不会形成堆积
        setDataBars(rowNames, columnNames, values, borderColor, valuePosition, valuePrecision, valueColor, checkData);
    }

    void CustomPlot::setDataBarvs(const QStringList &rowNames,
                                  const QStringList &columnNames,
                                  const QList<QVector<double> > &values,
                                  const QColor &borderColor,
                                  int valuePosition,
                                  int valuePrecision,
                                  const QColor &valueColor,
                                  bool checkData)
    {
        //过滤个数不一致数据,防止索引越界
        int rowCount = rowNames.count();
        int columnCount = columnNames.count();
        int valueCount = values.count();
        if (columnCount == 0 || valueCount == 0 || columnCount != valueCount) {
            return;
        }

        //设置网格线不显示,会更好看
        customPlot->xAxis->grid()->setVisible(false);
        //customPlot->yAxis->grid()->setVisible(false);

        //设置横坐标文字描述
        QVector<double> ticks;
        QVector<QString> labels;
        int count = rowCount * columnCount;
        for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++) {
            ticks << 1.5 + (i * columnCount);
            labels << rowNames.at(i);
        }

        setLabX(ticks, labels);
        customPlot->xAxis->setRange(0, count + 1);

        for (int i = 0; i < columnCount; i++) {
            //同样也要先过滤个数是否符合要求
            QVector<double> value = values.at(i);
            if (rowCount != value.count()) {
                continue;
            }

            //创建柱状图
            CustomBarv *bar = new CustomBarv(customPlot->xAxis, customPlot->yAxis);
            bar->setCheckData(checkData);

            //设置宽度比例
            bar->setWidth(0.9);

            //设置显示值的位置 0-不绘制 1-顶部上面 2-顶部居中 3-中间居中 4-底部居中
            bar->setValuePostion(valuePosition);
            bar->setValuePrecision(valuePrecision);
            bar->setValueColor(valueColor);

            //设置名称
            bar->setName(columnNames.at(i));

            //设置颜色,取颜色集合
            QColor color = QColor(51, 204, 255);
            if (i < colors.count()) {
                color = colors.at(i);
            }

            //边缘高亮,如果传入了边框颜色则取边框颜色
            bar->setPen(QPen(borderColor == Qt::transparent ? color.light(150) : borderColor));
            bar->setBrush(color);

            //这个算法很巧妙,想了很久
            QVector<double> ticks;
            double offset = i * 0.9;
            for (int j = 0; j < rowCount; j++) {
                ticks << 1.0 + (j * columnCount) + offset;
            }

            //设置数据
            bar->setData(ticks, value);
        }
    }

    void CustomPlot::setDataBarh(const QStringList &rowNames,
                                 const QStringList &columnNames,
                                 const QList<QVector<double> > &values,
                                 const QColor &borderColor,
                                 int valuePosition,
                                 int valuePrecision,
                                 const QColor &valueColor,
                                 bool checkData)
    {
        //只有1列的才能设置
        if (columnNames.count() != 1) {
            return;
        }

        //过滤个数不一致数据,防止索引越界
        int rowCount = rowNames.count();
        int columnCount = columnNames.count();
        int valueCount = values.count();
        if (columnCount == 0 || valueCount == 0 || columnCount != valueCount) {
            return;
        }

        //设置网格线不显示,会更好看
        customPlot->xAxis->grid()->setVisible(false);
        customPlot->yAxis->grid()->setVisible(false);
        customPlot->yAxis->setTickLength(0, 0);

        //设置横坐标文字描述
        QVector<double> ticks;
        QVector<QString> labels;
        int count = rowCount * columnCount;
        double padding = 1;
        for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++) {
            ticks << padding + (i * columnCount);
            labels << rowNames.at(i);
        }

        setLabY(ticks, labels);
        customPlot->yAxis->setRange(0, count + 1);

        //先计算出每个柱子占用的高度
        double barHeight = 0.7;
        for (int i = 0; i < columnCount; i++) {
            //同样也要先过滤个数是否符合要求
            QVector<double> value = values.at(i);
            if (rowCount != value.count()) {
                continue;
            }

            //先绘制系列1的数据,再绘制系列2,依次类推
            for (int j = 0; j < rowCount; j++) {
                //创建横向柱状图
                double y = (0.67 + (j * columnCount));
                CustomBarh *bar = new CustomBarh(customPlot);
                bar->setCheckData(checkData);
                bar->setRect(QPointF(0, y), QPointF(value.at(j), y + barHeight));
                bar->setValue(value.at(j));

                //设置显示值的位置 0-不绘制 1-顶部上面 2-顶部居中 3-中间居中 4-底部居中
                bar->setValuePostion(valuePosition);
                bar->setValuePrecision(valuePrecision);
                bar->setValueColor(valueColor);

                //设置颜色,取颜色集合
                QColor color = QColor(51, 204, 255);
                if (i < colors.count()) {
                    color = colors.at(i);
                }

                //边缘高亮,如果传入了边框颜色则取边框颜色
                bar->setPen(QPen(borderColor == Qt::transparent ? color.light(150) : borderColor));
                bar->setBrush(color);
            }
        }
    }

    void CustomPlot::setDataBarhs(const QStringList &rowNames,
                                  const QStringList &columnNames,
                                  const QList<QVector<double> > &values,
                                  const QColor &borderColor,
                                  int valuePosition,
                                  int valuePrecision,
                                  const QColor &valueColor,
                                  bool checkData)
    {
        //过滤个数不一致数据,防止索引越界
        int rowCount = rowNames.count();
        int columnCount = columnNames.count();
        int valueCount = values.count();
        if (columnCount == 0 || valueCount == 0 || columnCount != valueCount) {
            return;
        }

        //设置网格线不显示,会更好看
        customPlot->xAxis->grid()->setVisible(false);
        customPlot->yAxis->grid()->setVisible(false);
        customPlot->yAxis->setTickLength(0, 0);
        customPlot->xAxis->setVisible(false);

        //设置横坐标文字描述
        QVector<double> ticks;
        QVector<QString> labels;
        int count = rowCount * columnCount;
        //这个算法想了很久,很牛逼
        double padding = 1.5 + (columnCount - 2) * 0.4;
        for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++) {
            ticks << padding + (i * columnCount);
            labels << rowNames.at(i);
        }

        setLabY(ticks, labels);
        customPlot->yAxis->setRange(0, count + 1);

        //先计算出每个柱子占用的高度
        double barHeight = 0.8;
        for (int i = 0; i < columnCount; i++) {
            //同样也要先过滤个数是否符合要求
            QVector<double> value = values.at(i);
            if (rowCount != value.count()) {
                continue;
            }

            //先绘制系列1的数据,再绘制系列2,依次类推
            for (int j = 0; j < rowCount; j++) {
                //创建横向柱状图
                double y = (0.7 + i * barHeight + (j * columnCount));
                CustomBarh *bar = new CustomBarh(customPlot);
                bar->setCheckData(checkData);
                bar->setRect(QPointF(0, y), QPointF(value.at(j), y + barHeight));
                bar->setValue(value.at(j));

                //设置显示值的位置 0-不绘制 1-顶部上面 2-顶部居中 3-中间居中 4-底部居中
                bar->setValuePostion(valuePosition);
                bar->setValuePrecision(valuePrecision);
                bar->setValueColor(valueColor);

                //设置颜色,取颜色集合
                QColor color = QColor(51, 204, 255);
                if (j < colors.count()) {
                    color = colors.at(j);
                }

                //边缘高亮,如果传入了边框颜色则取边框颜色
                bar->setPen(QPen(borderColor == Qt::transparent ? color.light(150) : borderColor));
                bar->setBrush(color);
            }
        }
    }

    void CustomPlot::setDataBars(const QStringList &rowNames,
                                 const QStringList &columnNames,
                                 const QList<QVector<double> > &values,
                                 const QColor &borderColor,
                                 int valuePosition,
                                 int valuePrecision,
                                 const QColor &valueColor,
                                 bool checkData)
    {
        //过滤个数不一致数据,防止索引越界
        int rowCount = rowNames.count();
        int columnCount = columnNames.count();
        int valueCount = values.count();
        if (columnCount == 0 || valueCount == 0 || columnCount != valueCount) {
            return;
        }

        //设置网格线不显示,会更好看
        customPlot->xAxis->grid()->setVisible(false);
        //customPlot->yAxis->grid()->setVisible(false);

        //先清空原有柱状图
        bars.clear();

        //设置横坐标文字描述
        QVector<double> ticks;
        QVector<QString> labels;
        for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++) {
            ticks << i + 1;
            labels << rowNames.at(i);
        }

        setLabX(ticks, labels);
        customPlot->xAxis->setRange(0, rowCount + 1);

        for (int i = 0; i < columnCount; i++) {
            //同样也要先过滤个数是否符合要求
            QVector<double> value = values.at(i);
            if (rowCount != value.count()) {
                continue;
            }

            //创建柱状堆积图
            CustomBarv *bar = new CustomBarv(customPlot->xAxis, customPlot->yAxis);
            bar->setCheckData(checkData);

            //设置宽度比例
            bar->setWidth(0.6);

            //设置显示值的位置 0-不绘制 1-顶部上面 2-顶部居中 3-中间居中 4-底部居中
            bar->setValuePostion(valuePosition);
            bar->setValuePrecision(valuePrecision);
            bar->setValueColor(valueColor);

    #ifndef old
            //设置堆积间隙
            if (borderColor != Qt::transparent) {
                bar->setStackingGap(1);
            }
    #endif
            //设置名称
            bar->setName(columnNames.at(i));

            //设置颜色,取颜色集合
            QColor color = QColor(51, 204, 255);
            if (i < colors.count()) {
                color = colors.at(i);
            }

            //边缘高亮,如果传入了边框颜色则取边框颜色
            if (columnCount > 1 && borderColor == Qt::transparent) {
                bar->setPen(Qt::NoPen);
            } else {
                bar->setPen(QPen(borderColor == Qt::transparent ? color.light(150) : borderColor));
            }

            bar->setBrush(color);

            //设置堆积层叠顺序,后面那个移到前一个上面
            bars << bar;
            if (i > 0) {
                bar->moveAbove(bars.at(i - 1));
            }

            //设置数据
            bar->setData(ticks, value);
        }
    }


305750665 2019-06-11 09:20
又被甩了30条街

ssff5678 2019-11-06 14:07
先反手一个赞


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